Упр.1 Юнит 2 Урок 2 ГДЗ English Кузовлев 10 класс

Lesson 2. What do people remember on Remembrance Day?

1. Every year, there are two minutes of silence at the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month in Commonwealth* countries.

   Vocabulary. What historical event is this holiday devoted to? Find out the meaning of the highlighted words on p. 208.

   The 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month

   Remembrance Day is a memorial day observed in Commonwealth countries, such as the United Kingdom, Australia and Canada, to remember those who fought and died in many wars. On the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month in 1918 the armistice* which put an end to fighting in the First World War was signed. The date was first observed in 1919 and until 1945 it was called Armistice Day. On the first anniversary of the armistice two-minutes’ silence was adopted, that became a central feature of commemorations on Armistice Day. After the end of the Second World War, the Australian, Canadian and British governments changed the name of the holiday to Remembrance Day. Armistice Day was no longer an appropriate title for a day which would commemorate all war dead, veterans and survivors. In the USA, in 1954, Armistice Day was changed to Veterans Day.

   In the United Kingdom, the USA, Australia and Canada, November 11th is usually marked with ceremonies and speeches — and a moment of silence — when all Commonwealth countries pause to remember those men and women who have died or suffered in all wars, conflicts and peace operations. In the United Kingdom, although two minutes of silence are observed on 11 November itself, the main observance is on the second Sunday of November, Remembrance Sunday. A national ceremony begins at the Cenotaph,* London, where the Queen lays the first wreath. On this day ceremonies are held at war memorials all over the UK and key political figures make speeches in memory of the nation’s fallen heroes. Over the years it has become a day to commemorate not just the sacrifice of military men and women but the suffering and patriotism of civilians in times of war.

   Remembrance Day is also known as Poppy Day because it is traditional to wear an artificial poppy. They are sold by the Royal British Legion, a charity dedicated to helping war veterans. The poppy emblem was chosen because it was a very widespread flower on the battlefields of Europe after the First World War. Wreaths of poppies are laid on war memorials all over Britain. People also leave small wooden crosses by the memorials in remembrance of a family member who died in war.

2. Answer the questions about Remembrance Day.

   Why is Remembrance Day observed on 11 November?

   Where is this holiday observed?

   What are the other names of this holiday?

   When is the main observance of this holiday in the UK?

   What do British people do on Remembrance Day?

   Why is Remembrance Day also called Poppy Day?

   Word Building

   remember v; remembrance n; memory n; memorise v; memorial a/n; memorable a; commemorate v; commemoration n; commemorative a

3. How do Americans celebrate Veterans Day? Complete the text with the appropriate words from the box.

   commemoration; Memorial; battlefields; having been adopted; sacrifices; wreath laying; silence; dedicated; artificial poppy; military; memory

   In the USA it is a federal holiday and it is called Veterans Day after (0) having been adopted in 1954. Many Americans mistakenly believe that Veterans Day is the day America honours (1) … men who died on (2) …. That’s not quite true. Memorial Day is to commemorate America’s war dead. Veterans Day, on the other hand, honours ALL American veterans, both living and dead, (3) … themselves to the service to their country, for their patriotism and for the (4) … they have made. The Veterans Day (5) … begins with a (6) … ceremony on the Tomb of the Unknowns* at the National War (7) … and with a moment of (8) … observed in (9) … of all veterans. It continues with a parade of veterans organisations. Participants of the Veterans Day Parade include active officers, various veterans groups, and the families of veterans. The wearing of (10) … in honour of America’s war dead is traditionally done on Memorial Day, not Veterans Day.