Модуль 3 Grammar Reference ГДЗ Starlight Баранова 11 класс

Задача

Ты действительно можешь играть в футбол в такую мокрую погоду?
Как я могу забыть тебя?
Была ли это моя вина в том, что это случилось?
Была ли это ее сестра, которая получила первое место в законе?
Так вот почему он убегал?
Почему она так расстроилась?
Что мне делать?
Кто бы это ни был?

Подробный ответ

Grammar Reference: основные правила модуля 3

Inversion

В вопросах вспомогательный или модальный глагол ставится перед подлежащим: Can you play football in such wet weather?

Инверсия также используется, если в начале предложения стоят отрицательные или ограничительные выражения:

seldom, rarely, never, hardly ever, little, nowhere, on no account;
only then, only in this way, only by, only after, only if;
not only … but also, not until, in no way, under no circumstances;
no sooner … than, hardly … when.

Never before have I heard such a beautiful melody.

Not only did they play excellent music, but they also helped us remember our childhood.

Only after she had learnt the language well was she able to travel around France alone.

Only if Peter comes will Jane join us.

Если отрицательное или ограничительное выражение не стоит в начале предложения, инверсия не используется: We rarely stay at home.

После so выражают согласие с утвердительным высказыванием, после neither или nor — с отрицательным:

“I love travelling by train.” — “So do I.”
“I don’t like rock music.” — “Neither do I.”
Marie Curie was an outstanding scientist, and so was her husband.

В условных предложениях инверсия может заменить if:

Should she arrive on time, show her to her seat. (= If she should arrive on time …)
Were I you, I would call her. (= If I were you …)
Had I been told, I would have brought a cake. (= If I had been told …)

Инверсия с обстоятельствами места и в прямой речи

После обстоятельств места и глаголов движения возможен порядок «глагол + подлежащее»:

Here comes the queen.
There goes all his money.

Если подлежащее выражено личным местоимением, инверсия не используется: Here she comes. There he goes.

В прямой речи после слов автора, если подлежащее выражено существительным, возможны оба варианта:

“I will never forget you,” said the prince.
“I’ll be late,” her mother said.

Если подлежащее выражено местоимением, используется обычный порядок слов: “How can I forget you?” he asked.

So, neither, nor, but

Конструкция	Пример
So + auxiliary verb + subject	Sue has gone to Spain, and so has Dan.
Neither/Nor + auxiliary verb + subject	Neither Paul nor Ian can dance.
But + subject + affirmative auxiliary verb	Peter hasn’t been to Rome, but I have.
But + subject + negative auxiliary verb	Carl looks happy, but Ted doesn’t.

Linking words

Значение	Связующие слова	Пример
Добавление	and, both … and, not only … but also, moreover, furthermore, besides, in addition	My teacher is both patient and kind.
Отрицательное добавление	neither … nor	Neither Ann nor Tom speaks Chinese.
Противопоставление	but, whereas, while, however, nevertheless, on the other hand	Steve doesn’t like travelling, whereas he enjoys gardening.
Уступка	although, even though, even if, despite, in spite of	Despite being tired, she continued working.
Альтернатива	or, either … or, alternatively	We can either go by car or take a bus.
Причина	because, as, since, due to, owing to	He couldn’t attend the meeting because of his illness.
Результат	therefore, consequently, as a result, thus, for this reason	She woke up late and, as a result, missed the bus.
Цель	so that, in order to, so as to, for fear that	He left early so as to get a good seat.
Способ	as, as if, as though, the way	He behaves as if he owned the shop.
Условие	if, unless, provided that, as long as, in case, otherwise	Barbara will lend me her car provided that I drive carefully.
Сравнение	as … as, than, twice as … as, half as … as	This book is not half as interesting as that one.
Время	when, whenever, while, before, after, until, since	She was cooking while the baby was sleeping.
Пример	such as, for example, for instance, especially	I love sweets, especially chocolate.

Слова, после которых используется герундий или существительное

instead of + -ing: Instead of cooking tonight, let’s eat out.
despite/in spite of + -ing или существительное: Despite having enough time, she didn’t visit me.
as well as/in addition to/besides + -ing или существительное: Besides cooking for the party, she baked a cake.
after/before + -ing или существительное: I had a snack before taking the exam.
apart from + -ing или существительное: Apart from chemistry, I am good at every subject.
on + -ing: On returning home, she realised that she had left her keys at the office.

После despite, in spite of, because of, due to используется существительное или форма на -ing, а не придаточное предложение с подлежащим и сказуемым.

Порядок действий и обобщение

First, insert the card into the slot. Then select the appropriate command. Finally, press the green button and take the card out.

In conclusion, everything depends on us. We are the ones who can save the planet for future generations.

Запятые со связующими словами

Если связующее слово находится в начале предложения, после него обычно ставится запятая: However, there may be arguments against this point of view.

Если слово стоит в середине предложения, оно выделяется с двух сторон: There may, however, be arguments against this point of view.