Стр.157-160 Exam practice ГДЗ Spotlight 11 класс

Задача

Приведем выдержку из задания из учебника Юлия Ваулина, Джунни Дули 11 класс, Просвещение: Reading Task 1
Preparing for the task
a) Read the first of the texts in Ex. 2, paying particular attention to the underlined words. Which of the sentences below best summarises the paragraph?
a Older generations are starting to feel more comfortable with digital media.
b Teachers and mental health professionals should monitor children’s use of technology.
c There is widespread concern over the fact that young people’s obsession with the digital media may be damaging for them.
b) Now look at headings 1-8 and choose one that best matches the summary.
2 Match texts A-G with headings 1-8. Put your answers into the table Each number can only be used once. There is one extra heading.
1 Using technology earlier than ever before.
2 No place for smartphones in schools
3 The learning and concentration link.
4 An unexpected educational bonus.
5 New skills are equal to old Skills.
6 Grown-ups feel worried.
7 Evolving differently but still evolving.
8 Maybe it’s too soon for results.
A) A common complaint among adults about the youth of today is the amount of time they spend using digital media and what harm this may be causing their brains. The worry not just among parents, but also amongst many professionals, such as educators and psychologists. is that children are over-exposed to digital technology. This may mean that their intellectual skills could not develop as much as those of earlier generations. who were not addicted to smartphones and tablets.
B) Recent studies suggest that young people’s brains are developing differently because of the way they interact with modern technology. But perhaps too many people assume that this is a bad thing. In the long run, technology is here to stay and the young people of today are adapting to this new reality. Young people of today are likely to be no less clever than people were in the past. They’re just different.
C) What are the issues and the facts that surround the growing use of technology by the very young? Of course, given that the rise of the internet and related technologies are only a couple of decades old, the body of research into these issues is still quite limited. And, as you would expect, different researchers have different opinions. Some warn of the dangers and others point out the benefits. Perhaps the truth lies somewhere in the middle.
D) Why might people have had better concentration in the past? Perhaps because people read longer texts, where the reader blocks out their surroundings and they had to use their imagination to create the world they were reading about. Young people today may not have the same skills as those in the past. But they have other ones instead. Evidence suggests that though they may not remember a fact, they know the best way to go about finding out where to find facts.
E) Does the tendency for information overload has had an effect on children’s ability to think and focus? There is no doubt that attention is very important to learning and deeper thinking. Observing, remembering and judging all require good attention spans and the ability to concentrate. Does smart technology slow down these processes?
F) Research has shown that by using smart technology young children quickly learn to press buttons and swipe screens, and that interactive apps can actually help children to learn faster. This may come as a surprise to some, but smart technology apps can be a very good tool for learning
G) There is a trend whereby younger and younger children are using digital technology. It is said that the under 10s are going to come into more contact with digital technologies than any other generation. It is becoming increasingly common for even young toddlers, between the ages of 16 months to 2 years old, to already be familiar with digital media and playing games on tablets.
Reading Task 2
Preparing for the task
3 Match items 1-4 to items A-D in order to form complete sentences. Write GR (grammar), P (punctuation), WA (word association) or L (linker) to indicate what helped you pair up the items. Use the underlined words to help you.
1 The European Union labour law deals with two major areas:
2 Apart from defining and protecting workers’ rights, the EU labour law also aims at
3 Other issues that are addressed by the labour law
4 The EU labour law is valuable because it not only ensures a healthy workforce
A) improving the living conditions of the workforce.
B) but it also aids steady economic growth.
C) working conditions and informing workers of their rights.
D) include health and safety at work, youth employment and undeclared work.
4 Read the text and fill in the gaps A-F with the parts of the sentences marked by numbers 1-7. One part is extra. Put the numbers marking the corresponding parts of sentences into the table.
The Gender Pay Gap
In order to raise awareness about the gender pay gap the difference in how much men and women earn, the European Union has introduced a European Equal Pay Day. The aim of the event A ….. . The level of this kind of discrimination varies from country to country but not by very much. For instance, there is almost no difference between the levels in Germany and Greece, B … .
The average hourly wage for women in Europe is 16% lower than the rate for men. This means that women work 2 months a year for tree, compared to men. Although this is unfair, C … .
In the first place, men are more likely to get better job positions D …. . Only 4% of the top jobs, such as those in higher management, are held by women. One reason for this is that women take more time off work than men. Only women need maternity leave E ….. or caring for relatives than men do. These factors can have long term effects on how much women earn and whether they get promoted.
Another problem is that some jobs are done mainly by women F … . The jobs thought of as women’s work are often poorly paid. This is true even when jobs thought of as men’s work require the same experience and level of qualification.
1 and be promoted than women colleagues
2 isn’t something thars often discussed
3 is to raise awareness about day discrimination
4 whereas others are male dominated
5 there are many complex reasons for it
6 and they also spend much more time looking after children
7 despite Germany being the richest country in the EU
Reading Task 3
Preparing for the task
5 Read question 1 and the possible answers. Then, read the first paragraph of the text below, paying attention to the underlined words. What is the correct answer? How has the information been paraphrased? Are all the incorrect options referenced in some way in the text?
1 In the past, people were told that they ought to
1 never eat eggs.
2 always eat a lot of yoghurt.
3 avoid using vegetable oil.
4 try to eat low fat dairy products
Read the text and complete tasks 1-7. In each task write number 1, 2, 3 or 4 in an answer box if it corresponds with the answer you have chosen.
Mixed Food Messages
It’s wonder that so many people are confused about what it is or isn’t healthy to eat when so much of the information given over recent years has been both confusing and contradictory. For years, we were warned that animal fats and dairy produce should only be consumed in small amounts because they were full of cholesterol and could lead to heart disease. So, people started cooking with vegetable oil, spreading margarine on their bread and eating eggs only occasionally. We were also warned of the dangers of fat in our food. That’s why milk, yoghurt, cheese and other such products were made with low levels of fat, in the quest to keep people healthy.
Now, it turns out that what causes people to have high levels or cholesterol is much more complicated than previously thought. For one thing, the body doesn’t convert the cholesterol in dairy and animal fats into cholesterol in the body in the way that scientists once believed. In fact, it seems that the cholesterol in food is just as likely to be good cholesterol that helps prevent bad cholesterol from developing in the body.
Not only were people wrong to give up butter and eggs, they may have done their health active harm by using margarine and vegetable oil as replacements for animal fats. This is because margarine uses hydrolysed oils; oils that have gone through a special chemical process so that they can help make margarine thicker and harder. A high number of scientists believe that vegetable oils, especially when hydrolysed, are much worse for human health than animal fats.
Many nutritionists also believe that the promotion of low-fat products such as milk, yoghurt and cheese has helped to drive the obesity crisis. They claim that people eat more food in the belief that it’s healthier as it’s low fat food and they won’t gain weight eating it. Surprisingly, eating smaller amounts of full-fat food may help weight loss as people feel fuller for longer when eating full-fat foods.
Another problem caused by having so much conflicting information about food is that it can lead to people having an unnatural relationship with food, encouraging them to be fussy about the food they eat. In recent years, there has been a tendency for people to mistake food allergies for food intolerance. Although food allergies are real and can even be life-threatening, food intolerance is much rarer and is often imagined. For instance, many people believe they are intolerant to gluten, which has led to the availability of gluten-free bread and other gluten-free products in supermarkets, yet only a very small proportion of people are actually gluten intolerant.
The health advice about how much fruit and vegetables people should eat has also led to another food fad. In an effort to get the required minimum of five different fruit and vegetables a day, many people are putting a lot of fruit and vegetables together into blenders or juicer machines in order to turn their daily vegetable intake into an easy to digest liquid form. This may seem like a healthy solution but destroys much of the fibre, vitamins and other nutrients in the fresh produce.
The best thing people could do to improve their health and relationship with food is to get back to home cooking with their families and having meals together around the table. Good home cooked food is always going to be healthier than anything produced in a packet or blended to a pulp in a machine. And not only would this time spent with family improve physical health but it would boost mental health too.
2) Nowadays, it is thought that
1 cholesterol in food might not be unhealthy.
2 it’s impossible to understand cholesterol.
3 animal fats don’t contain cholesterol.
4 our bodies canner convert cholesterol.
3) Some scientists claim that
1 margarine is healthier than butter.
2 it’s a good idea to avoid butter.
3 animal fats are better than some vegetable fats.
4 human health has got much worse in recent years.
4) Why do some people think low-fat foods contribute to obesity?
1 The food industry promotes them too much.
2 They can encourage people to eat more.
3 They make people feel too full.
4 They are not really very low in fat.
5) The author says that food allergies
1 can be fatal some times.
2 are something people imagine.
3 are the same thing as food intolerance.
4 make people not want to eat gluten.
6) Blending fruit and vegetables to a pulp
1 increases their vitamin content.
2 is dangerous to human health.
3 can reduce their nutritional value.
4 makes food difficult to digest.
7) What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
1 People no longer know now to cook properly anymore.
2 Families don’t usually eat together nowadays.
3 No one should ever eat packet food.
4 Eating home-cooked food with family is important.
*Цитирирование части задания со ссылкой на учебник производится исключительно в учебных целях для лучшего понимания разбора решения задания.