Стр.102-104 ГДЗ Starlight Баранова 9 класс

5 Skills

1. Reading (missing sentences)

   Read the title of the text and the first and last paragraphs. What is the article about? Read to check.

   A bucketful of worlds

   A It’s raining planets. Members of the science team for NASA’s Kepler telescope have recently discovered more than 1,200 worlds orbiting distant stars. Of these, approximately 50 could be Earth-like planets that may have a liquid ocean and a thick atmosphere. In other words, worlds that might be fit for life.

   B This is big news, and the search for radio transmissions from these worlds has already begun. Finding a signal would be very shocking. Simply because it would tell us that a planet is home to inhabitants with technological knowledge.

   C It’s hard not to be impressed by the numbers. For thousands of years, our species knew of only seven bodies moving through the star-filled skies: the Sun, the Moon, and five bright planets with names from Roman mythology. Then, in 1781, the English astronomer William Herschel’s discovery of Uranus suggested that more planets might be hiding in the dark, outer areas of our solar system. Within a century and a half, Neptune and Pluto were also discovered. Then there was nothing until 1995, when Swiss astronomers announced that a planet was racing around a rather ordinary star, 50 light years away. It was a world at least half the size of Jupiter and so close to its sun that daytime temperatures on the surface would be several thousand degrees.

   D Since then, teams of astronomers have used large, ground-based telescopes to hunt for more planets. So far they’ve found more than 500 extrasolar planets, which is nearly one a week. That is, until Kepler’s big announcement. This incredible NASA telescope is able to find many planets at the same time.

   E Apart from Kepler’s ability to uncover multiple new worlds, it also has the ability to find small planets that are the size of Earth (or even Mars) — and in orbits that might allow them to enjoy temperatures that could support life. So far, the SETI* institute has searched the worlds Kepler has found for signals over one small slice of the radio dial. No clearly extraterrestrial transmissions have been found.

   F But these early results from Kepler indicate that approximately 3 percent of all stars could have a habitable planet. Within a thousand light years of Earth — a distance that could be covered by transmitters — there are at least 30,000 of these habitable worlds. It’s possible, of course, that they could all be dry and empty.

   G But Kepler’s search is still underway. More Earth-like planets will be found in the next few years, and they’ll be observed very carefully for the telltale signs of intelligence. Sure, nothing has been found so far, but 30,000 is a big number!

   * SETI = Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence

2. Now read the rubric and the headings and find the key words in the headings. Read the paragraphs and match each paragraph (A–G) with its heading (1–8). You can only use each heading once. There is one extra heading.

   1. The future’s looking good
   2. What a discovery would mean
   3. What it all seems to show
   4. What Kepler’s done so far
   5. New inhabitable planets
   6. Challenges to overcome
   7. Technology that has changed everything
   8. History of planet discovery

3. Listening (multiple matching)

   Read the rubric and the sentences and find the key words. What words/phrases/ideas do you expect to hear?

   You will hear five different speakers talking about their plans for the future. Match each speaker (A–E) with the sentences (1–6). Use each sentence only once. There is one extra sentence.

   1. The speaker explains how he/she will achieve his/her dream.
   2. The speaker explains how ambitious he/she is.
   3. The speaker doesn’t know what he/she wants to do.
   4. The speaker has just had a career change.
   5. The speaker explains why he/she wants to do a certain job.
   6. The speaker wants to work with others.

4. Writing (a letter)

   Read the rubric and find the key words. Then do the task.

   You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend, Thomas.

   … My dad is setting up an Internet business at the moment. He’s really excited about it — I’d love to do the same one day. …

   Can you see yourself running your own business one day? What would your dream job be like? Is it more important to you to make a lot of money or be happy in your job? Why?

   Write him a letter and answer his 3 questions. Write 100–120 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

5. Speaking (giving a talk)

   1. Read the rubric and find the key words. Brainstorm words/ideas related to the topic in pairs. Give a 2-minute talk about exploration. Remember to say:

      • why people want to go where no one has ever been before;
      • what the benefits of expeditions can be to the world;
      • whether you would like to go on an expedition, what kind, e.g. ocean, Arctic, desert, and why.
   2. Give your talk.
   3. Listen to a student giving the same talk. How did it compare to yours?

6. Grammar & Vocabulary

   Change the words in brackets so that they correspond grammatically to the text. Complete the gaps (1–9) with the correct words.

7. Complete the text with the gaps (1–6) with the proper lexical form of the words in brackets.

8. Speaking

   You need to read the text in Ex. 6 aloud. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, and then be ready to read it aloud. Remember that you will not have more than 2 minutes for reading aloud.

   The Kelvin scale is another way to measure temperature, used mostly by scientists. It has the same units of measurement as the Celsius scale, so that $$1^\circ\mathrm{C}$$ is the same as 1 Kelvin. But on the Kelvin scale, 0 is not the freezing point of water. Instead, on the Kelvin scale, water freezes at $$273.14\ \mathrm{K}$$. Absolute zero is what we call $$0\ \mathrm{K}$$, which is a lot colder than $$0^\circ\mathrm{C}$$. In fact, absolute zero is so cold that it is only theoretical. It doesn’t really exist. Absolute zero is so cold that, in theory, there is no heat left, and no movement of molecules at all. This will never exist because as something approaches absolute zero, the laws of quantum physics start to apply and things become very, very complicated.